nazca

Hui-te-rangiora´s long voyages.
"One of the most amazing of early Polynesian navigators was Hui-te-rangiora, who, according to traditions published in the Polynesian Journal, seems to have voyaged pretty well all over the eastern and central Pacific, and southward to the iceberg region. This voyager is said to have flourished some fifty generations ago, or about the middle of the seventh century. He is said to have reached New Guinea on one of his voyages."

With this competence he could well have visited South America and even be father of the Nazca lines. His living system seems not to have had him settle down anywhere but he might have founded on the way Chan Chan and told people about his voyages with the result that these were recorded in Nazca in honor of him. He could have been the same person as Takaynamo the founder of Chan Chan.

Hui-te-rangiora´s fantastic journeys must have taught him how to manage
with foreign people. He could not have made them as any conqueror.
He must have got friends where ever he traveled. He also with success
told about his voyages or the legends would not have started.
So he must have become friend with all people in South America.
He must have met somebody able to teach him the local languages.
With all his knowledge of far away cultures he must have made a strong
influence wherever he went.

My opinion is that he in this friendly way gave inspiration to local folks
and they started to develop their cultures. As all cultural items and styles are clearly local he did not push on them his own culture - except in two ways: The Chan Chan culture adores nature and the life in the oceans like no other cultures do. And so did Hui-te-rangiora. He also taught the Maori
systematic way of life - not the details but the idea to do things systematically. And this gave fantastic results.

The defeat against Incas and the legend about South America. Cursive texts by Mårten Bondestam.

There are many stories that tell how the Maori people came from the now-lost land of Hawaiki ( South America) to live in Aotearoa.
When Inca conquered Chan Chan the Maoris suffered a big defeat:
Maori tale about a homeland might be in South America. The departure from India was so long ago ( 4000 years ago ) that nobody can have had any detail about that but the tale of the exodus from the homeland can have been 1430 and well remembered. Then that homeland was in South America and possibly Chan Chan.

"The cause of the exodus from the homeland, which is said to have been a great country, was a disastrous war with a dark skinned folk, in which great numbers were slain."
"By many accounts, several thousand years ago ( 800 AD? ), a Maori ancestor was journeying at sea and happened by chance to come to Aotearoa ( New Zealand ). He is the only living Maori that is known to have made the return journey back to Hawaiki ( Chan Chan ? )
He came home and told his people about this untouched land." (This is written proof that Maori were cartographers and about how the information on the Nazca sea chart was collected.)
"His people thanked him for the information, and took due note of the land, and how to get there. But they stayed in Hawaiki ( Chan Chan ? ) and almost a thousand years passed. ( If the map was done during the first years in Chan Chan, then there passed 1000 years rather exactly. And this is Maori proof of the Nazca Lines.)
Then one day, for reasons now forgotten ( the Incas conquered Chan Chan ), the Maori ancestors decided to set out at sea, and they followed the path laid out by their ancestor." ( As it was shown in the Nazca sea chart. )
"There were many wakas (or 'boats') that made the journey, but as each landed on a different part of shore, each waka full of ancestors thought that they were the only group to survive the journey. And they each started their own communities, with their own identity, so that by the time they discovered other iwis ('tribes'), they each had their own traditions. With so many iwis borne by so many separate journeys to Aoteroa, it is no wonder that so many stories of the journey abound. How did so many wakas manage to find their way back to a land a single ancestor had found so long ago? ( The Nazca sea chart showed the way. )"

How the Nazca map information was stored.
There is reliable information that Maoris had people who remembered routes and islands extremely well. The information was often as a chant. The Nazca map only shows part of the oral information. In the oral information are also ocean currents and winds and how they change by time. There is also told what can be seen when coming nearer an island. Maoris also knew the stars and oriented by them. They also knew when an island was due west or east of a point on the ocean.

Maoris´ star knowledge.
"The reality of the scientific basis of sea journeying by all Pacific peoples was based on a sophisticated ancient knowledge of the stars and ocean currents. The knowledge of the stars is passed down to us to this day in the tukutuku weaving which adorns the walls of our carved and embellished whare (houses). Many of these tukutuku panels descend from the star charts carried by ancient navigators.
And even if the very first migrants didn't know where exactly they were going, they had the sure and safe knowledge of the migratory birds (such as the kuaka or godwit), and of the migratory whales to guide them, and the certainty of their faith in their fellow creatures.
Indeed one sea-faring tradition does tell of journeys where the kuaka was the guide into and from the Pacific, on its annual journeys between Aotearoa and Alaska."

The Egyptian ships to Punt sailed to some area near Zanzibar or further around 2600 BC. The route was about 10 000 kilometers. Surely the ships were not destroyed after the voyage, but might have made voyages also to northern India. To follow the Asian coasts must have been of a great interest. The only hinder could have been people already with own ships. The city of Dholavira in northern India had its own harbor at that time and was situated on an island. Fine stonework on details of building constructions indicate possibly imported specialists from Egypt as these details in quality differ very much from all other work. Or the details were imported. The water reservoir of the city is partly cut out from the rock with a superb finish of the surfaces and some indications of use of stone saws, like in Egypt. The route to Dholavira is about 10 000 kilometers. As soon as ships could sail man could travel and spread the culture up to 10 000 kilometers in a short time.

In ad. 600 to 1400 there were ocean going canoes and sailing vessels. The travel distances of wooden ones could be of the same order as the former Egyptian ones. That makes South America within the range of many Asian cultures. There had also been a huge development in ship sailing properties as well as knowledge of navigation including knowledge of stars and orientation and weathers and winds. Also the understanding of world geography was good including the understanding that the Earth is a globe.

Maori's sea farer culture
From many sources I have read that Maori culture was extremely adapted to voyages on the ocean: On the ships there could be no cooked food. They collected fish while sailing. Eating people was not tabu. There were many different specialists on the ships. When living on an island the people went paddling against the wind far out on the ocean for fishing. Returning home was easier as they could sail with the wind.
Making maps of where islands existed on the oceans included many
voyages to areas with no islands and possibly starving to death. Maori
people believed strongly in reincarnation and were not afraid of going
to areas with no information.

The refugees from Peru must have started from Galapagos, sailed to Marquesas and further to Fidji and New Caledonia. This is the only way to reach New Zealand. That
the refugees arrived to New Zealand without knowledge of each other must be the result of their original settlements in Peru. They did not even get information about each other from people on islands on their way. This is curious and should be studied. There is no South Ameican Indian influence on the Maoris in New Zealand.
This tells us that their contact with these Indians "for 1000 years" had no influence on them. Something like the Gypsies in Europe. The Maoris are also called the Gypsies of the seas.

Why?
Takaynamo ( founder of Chan Chan ) same as Hui-te-rangiora (> Te-kayniona > Te-kaynamo when "r" is hard to pronounciate ) brought a wealth of information about the extension of the world that have impressed all later Maoris and surely also impressed the folks of South America. Some ruler wanted to booze and show what a large world there was. Just like all rulers want to make monuments. So the lines have no practical purpose outside the political great influence. For practical use there was used the oral version and that had also all the information about winds and streams. In Maori culture sea routes have a
special name and were holy. So the lines served as holy routes. This is not so far from other holy rituals when tribes were no sea farers.

Dholavira is an old archeological fortress city in northern India.
It had a huge harbour. Chan Chan was the big city in Peru.
Legends tell that Tacaynamo founded this city. His own part
of the city of Chan Chan might have been this fortres near the
harbour. Comparing Dholavira and the fortress in Chan Chan
show that they are nearly identical. We know that Tacaynamo also
traded to East Africa probably trading with spices. And Dholavira
might very well have been the main export city for spices in India.
Recently It is found how exact Dholavira was measured. It would
be a succerss when the fortress in Chan Chan is found to have
the same unit of 1,85 cm as the basic unit used in Dholavira.